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Ivan Boszormenyi-Nagy (May 19, 1920 – January 28, 2007) was a Hungarian-American psychiatrist and one of the founders of the field of family therapy. Born Iván Nagy, his family name was changed to Böszörményi-Nagy during his childhood. He emigrated from Hungary to the United States in 1950, and he simplified his name to Ivan Boszormenyi-Nagy at the time of his naturalization as a US citizen. ==Contextual therapy== Boszormenyi-Nagy is best known for developing the ''Contextual'' approach to family therapy and individual psychotherapy. It is a comprehensive model which integrates ''individual psychological'', ''interpersonal'', existential, systemic, and ''intergenerational'' dimensions of individual and family life and development. The contextual model, in its most well-known formulation, proposes four dimensions of relational reality, both as a guide for conducting therapy and for conceptualizing relational reality in general: :(1) Facts (e.g., genetic input, physical health, ethnic-cultural background, socioeconomic status, basic historical facts, events in a person's life cycle, etc) :(2) Individual psychology (the domain of most individual psychotherapies) :(3) Systemic transactions (the domain covered by classical systemic family therapy: e.g., rules, power, alignments, triangles, feedback, etc) :(4) Relational ethics. These dimensions are taken to be inter-linked, but not equatable or reducible to one another.〔Le Goff, J.F. (2001). Boszormenyi-Nagy and Contextual Therapy: An Overview, (''ANZJFT'', 22 (3) ): 147–157.〕〔Ducommun-Nagy, C. (2003). Can Giving Heal? Contextual Therapy and Biological Psychiatry. In P.S. Prosky & D.V. Keith (Eds.) (''Family Therapy as an Alternative to Medication: An Appraisal of Pharmland.'' ) New York: Brunner-Routledge.〕 The contextual model proposes ''relational ethics''—the ethical or "justice" dimension of close relationships—as an overarching integrative conceptual and methodological principle. Relational ethics focuses in particular on the nature and roles of ''connectedness'', ''caring'', reciprocity, loyalty, ''legacy'', guilt, fairness, accountability, and trustworthiness - within and between generations. It is taken to represent not just a set of prescriptive norms, nor simply psychological phenomena, perspectives, or constructions. Rather, relational ethics is seen as (1) having some objective ontological and experiential basis by virtue of being derived from basic needs and from real relationships that have concrete consequences (i.e., as distinct from abstract or "value" ethics〔Boszormenyi-Nagy, I. (1997). (Response to "are trustworthiness and fairness enough? Contextual family therapy and the good family" ). ''Journal of Marital and Family Therapy'', Apr.〕); and (2) as being significant explanatory and motivational dynamics operating - in both beneficial and destructive ways - in individuals, families, social groups, and broader society. The construct validity and significance of relational ethics in clinical and educational contexts have been supported by a number of studies.〔Grames HA, Miller RB, Robinson WB, Higgins DJ, & Hinton WJ. (2008). (A Test of Contextual Theory: The Relationship Among Relational Ethics, Marital Satisfaction, Health Problems, and Depression. ) ''Contemporary Family Therapy.'' Vol. 30(4): 183-198.〕〔Gangamma R. (2008). (''Relational Ethics Among Couples In Therapy.'' ) Doctoral Dissertation: Ohio State University〕〔Fortlouis Wood, L. (2010). (Accountability and Ethics Education: Using friendships as models for broader social processes ), in P. Cunningham & N. Fretwell (eds.) ''Lifelong Learning and Active Citizenship''. London: CiCe, pp. 632-640〕 (See also ''Relational ethics''.) In a later formulation of the contextual model, Boszormenyi-Nagy proposed a fifth dimension - the ''ontic dimension'' - which was implicit in the earlier formulations, but which considers more explicitly the nature of the interconnection between people that allows an individual to exist decisively as a ''person'', and not just a ''self''.〔Ducommun-Nagy, C. (2002). Contextual Therapy. In F. Kaslow, R. Massey, & S. Massey (Eds.) (''Comprehensive handbook of psychotherapy, Vol. 3: Interpersonal/humanistic/existential.'' ) New York; Chichester: Wiley.〕 ''(See also Intersubjectivity and Philosophy of dialogue.)'' 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ivan Boszormenyi-Nagy」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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